Excretory Products & Elimination PYQs Set 1 (PDF)

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Mere Teacher · Previous Year Questions NEET Biology · Excretory Products & Elimination · Set 1 (Q1-30)
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1. $Uricotelic mode of passing out nitrogenous wastes is found in$ (1) $Birds and annelids$ (2) $Amphibians and reptiles$ (3) $Insects and amphibians$ (4) $Reptiles and birds$ 2. $Which one of the following option gives the correct categorization of six animals according to the type of nitrogenous wastes {(A) - (Ammonotelic), (B) - (Ureotelic), (C) - (Uricotelic)} they give out?$ (1) $(A) - Frog, Lizards, (B) - Aquatic Amphibia, Humans, (C) - Cockroach, Pigeon$ (2) $(A) - Aquatic Amphibia, (B) - Frog, Humans, (C) - Pigeon, Lizards, Cockroach$ (3) $(A) - Aquatic Amphibia, (B) - Cockroach, Humans, (C) - Frog, Pigeon, Lizards$ (4) $(A) - Pigeon, Humans, (B) - Aquatic Amphibia, Lizards, (C) - Cockroach, Frog$ 3. $A person who is on a long hunger strike and is surviving only on water, will have :-$ (1) $Less urea in his urine$ (2) $More sodium in his urine$ (3) $Less amino acids in his urine$ (4) $More glucose in his blood$ 4. $Nitrogenous waste is excreted in the form of pellet or paste by$ (1) $Pavo$ (2) $Ornithorhynchus$ (3) $Salamandra$ (4) $Hippocampus$ 5. $A fall in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) activates$ (1) $Adrenal cortex to release aldosterone$ (2) $Adrenal medulla to release adrenaline$ (3) $Posterior pituitary to release vasopressin$ (4) $Juxtaglomerular cells to release rennin$ 6. $Removal of proximal convoluted tubule from the nephron will result in$ (1) $More diluted urine$ (2) $More concentrated urine$ (3) $No change in quality and quantity of urine$ (4) $No urine formation$ 7. $Which of the following would help in prevention of diuresis?$ (1) $Decrease in secretion of renin by JG cells$ (2) $More water reabsorption due to under secretion of ADH$ (3) $Reabsorption of N a^{+} and water from renal tubules due to aldosterone$ (4) $Atrial natriuretic factor causes vasoconstriction$ 8. $Angiotensinogen is a protein produced and secreted by -$ (1) $Macula densa cells$ (2) $Endothelial cells (cells lining the blood vessels)$ (3) $Liver cells$ (4) $Juxtaglomerular (JG) cells$ 9. $Which one of the following correctly explains the function of a specific part of a human nephron?$ (1) $Henle’s loop - Most reabsorption of the major substance from the glomerular filtrate.$ (2) $Distal convoluted tubule - Reabsorption of ions into the surrounding blood capillaries.$ (3) $Afferent arteriole - Carries the blood away from the glomerulus towards the renal vein.$ (4) $Podocytes - Creates minute space (slit pores) for the filtration of blood into the Bowman’s capsule.$ 10. $Terrestrial adaptations necessitated the production of :$ (1) $Lesser toxic nitrogenous wastes like urea and uric acid$ (2) $Lesser toxic nitrogenous wastes like ammonia and urea$ (3) $Highly toxic nitrogenous wastes like ammonia and urea$ (4) $Highly toxic nitrogenous wastes like urea and uric acid$ 11. $A decrease in blood pressure / volume will not cause the release of :$ (1) $Atrial natriuretic factor$ (2) $Aldosterone$ (3) $ADH$ (4) $Renin$ 12. $Erythropoietin hormone which stimulates R.B.C. formation is produced by :$ (1) $Alpha cells of pancreas$ (2) $The cells of rostral adenohypophysis$ (3) $The cells of bone marrow$ (4) $Juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney$ 13. $What will happen if the stretch receptors of the urinary bladder wall are totally removed?$ (1) $There will be no micturition$ (2) $Urine will not collect in the bladder$ (3) $Micturition will continue$ (4) $Urine will continue to collect normally in the bladder$ 14. $In which one of the following organisms its excretory organs are correctly stated?$ (1) $Humans - Kidneys, sebaceous glands$ (2) $Earthworm - Pharyngeal, integumentary and septal nephridia$ (3) $Cockroach - Malpighian tubules and enteric caeca$ (4) $Frog - Kidneys, skin and buccal epithelium$ 15. $Which one of the following is not a part of a renal pyramid?$ (1) $Convoluted tubules$ (2) $Collecting ducts$ (3) $Loops Henle$ (4) $Peritubular capillaries$ 16. $A fall in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) activates:$ (1) $adrenal medulla to release adrenaline$ (2) $posterior pituitary to release vasopressin$ (3) $juxta glomerular cells to release renin$ (4) $adrenal cortex to release aldosterone$ 17. $Which of the following does not favour the formation of large quantities of dilute urine?$ (1) $Alcohol$ (2) $Caffeine$ (3) $Renin$ (4) $Atrial-natriuretic factor$ 18. $The part of nephron involved in active reabsorption of sodium is :-$ (1) $Bowman's capsule$ (2) $Descending limb of Henle's loop$ (3) $Distal convoluted tubule$ (4) $Proximal convoluted tubule$ 19. $In mammals, which blood vessel would normally carry largest amount of urea?$ (1) $Renal Vein$ (2) $Dorsal Aorta$ (3) $Hepatic Vein$ (4) $Hepatic Portal Vein$ 20. $Which one of the following statements in regard to the excretion by the human kidneys is correct?$ (1) $Ascending limb of Loop of Henle is impermeable to electrolytes$ (2) $Descending limb of Loop of Henle is impermeable to water$ (3) $Distal convoluted tubule is incapable of reabsorbing HCO_{3}^{-};$ (4) $Nearly 99 per cent of the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed by the renal tubules$ 21. $Which one of the following statements with regard to the excretion by the human kidneys is correct?$ (1) $Descending limb of Loop of Henle is impermeable to water.$ (2) $Distal convoluted tubule is incapable of reabsorbing H C O_{3}$ (3) $Nearly 99 per cent of the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed by the renal tubules.$ (4) $Ascending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to electrolytes.$ 22. $Which one of the following statements is correct with respect to kidney function regulation?$ (1) $Exposure to cold temperature stimulates ADH release.$ (2) $An increase in glomerular blood flow stimulates the formation of angiotensin II.$ (3) $During summer when the body loses lot of water by evaporation, the release of ADH is suppressed.$ (4) $When someone drinks lot of water the ADH release is suppressed.$ 23. $The maximum amount of electrolytes and water (70 - 80 percent) from the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed in which part of the nephron?$ (1) $Proximal convoluted tubule$ (2) $Descending limb of loop of Henle$ (3) $Ascending limb of loop of Henle$ (4) $Distal convoluted tubule$ 24. $The principal nitrogenous excretory compound in humans is synthesised :$ (1) $in the liver, but eliminated mostly through kidneys$ (2) $in kidneys but eliminated mostly through liver$ (3) $in kidneys as well as eliminated by kidneys$ (4) $in liver and also eliminated by the same through bile$ 25. $The maximum amount of electrolytes and water (70 to 80 per cent) from the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed in which part of the nephron?$ (1) $Ascending limb of loop of Henle$ (2) $Distal convoluted tubule$ (3) $Proximal convoluted tubule$ (4) $Descending limb of loop of Henle$ 26. $Which of the following statements is correct?$ (1) $The descending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to water.$ (2) $The ascending limb of loop of Henle is permeable to water.$ (3) $The descending limb of loop of Henle is permeable to electrolytes.$ (4) $The ascending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to water$ 27. $The principal nitrogenous excretory compound in humans is synthesized$ (1) $In kidneys but eliminated mostly through liver.$ (2) $In kidneys as well as eliminated by kidneys.$ (3) $In liver and also eliminated by the same through bile.$ (4) $In the liver, but eliminated mostly through kidneys.$ 28. $Choose the wrong statement regarding urine formation.$ (1) $Henle's loop plays an important role in concentration of urine.$ (2) $Protein-free fluid is filtered from blood plasma into the Bowman's capsule.$ (3) $ADH helps in water elimination, making the urine hypotonic.$ (4) $Filtration is a non-selective process performed by glomerulus$ 29. $Uric acid is formed by :-$ (1) $Phospholipids$ (2) $DNA or RNA$ (3) $Sphingolipids$ (4) $Glycolipids$ 30. $Human urine is usually acidic because:$ (1) $hydrogen ions are actively secreted into the filtrate.$ (2) $the sodium transporter exchanges one hydrogen ion for each sodium ion, in peritubular capillaries.$ (3) $excreted plasma proteins are acidic$ (4) $potassium and sodium exchange generates acidity$